Open source but with limitations on the original licensing methods and support structure. Some negative forum instances.
PHP
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Modular
Joomla! has been separated into a three tiered stack to keep the internal structure clean and allow developers to leverage the different layers as necessary. Object oriented.
The official release of Drupal, known as "Drupal core", contains basic features common to most CMSs. Add on's are called modules.
Native integration with Ray Community Widget Suite and Orca Interactive Forum Script.
Expandable
In addition to Plugins, more comprehensive extensions are available. "Components" allow webmasters to perform such tasks as build a community by expanding user features, backup a website, translate content and create URLs that are more friendly.
Drupal core is designed to be modular with a system of "hooks" and "callbacks", which are accessed internally via an API. This design allows third-party "contributed" (often abbreviated to "contrib") modules and themes to extend or override core.
Through 'unity' their own community developing modules. Some confusion as to the licensing of modules.
Admin basics
Admin style is very much pitched at static data editing. It is not primarily an OSN framework.
Complex but highly efficient admin style using taxonomy and nodes.
Fully compliant, however the administration style is overly simplified and would not stand up to client scrutiny.
User basics
Forums and profiles would be very easy to use and Joolma! has perhaps the easiest template system.
Assuming a simple template was delivered, the user functions are available open source.
The published side is highly effective but resembles dating sites more than communities of interest or purpose.
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